Which of the following is a primary source of funding for the public healthcare sector?

The primary source of funding for the public healthcare sector is typically income tax and national insurance. This funding structure is essential for maintaining public health services, as it allows governments to allocate resources to various health programs, facilities, and personnel. Income tax provides consistent revenue directly from the working population, while national insurance contributions specifically fund healthcare services, including the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.

Public healthcare systems are designed to ensure that healthcare is accessible to all, regardless of an individual's ability to pay at the point of service. This is accomplished primarily through funding mechanisms like income tax, which spread the financial responsibility across the population. Such a system aims to provide equitable access to healthcare services and supports public health initiatives that benefit society as a whole.

By contrast, private donations, sales revenue from medical equipment, and subscription fees from health insurance do not serve as primary funding sources for public healthcare. These sources may supplement funding but do not rely on the broad-based financial support necessary to sustain public healthcare services.